Self-bailing scow



H. T. DUNBAR.

SELF BAILING SCOW.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1921.

1,424,452, Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

3 SHEETS--SHEET I.

H. T. DUNBAR.

SELF BAlLlNG SCOW.

APPLICATION man MAY 14, 1921.

1,424,452. Patented Aug. 1,1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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H. T. DUNBAR.

SELF BAILING SCOW.

APPLICATION FILED MAYH, 1921.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922,

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HARRIS T. DU NBARpOF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SELE-BAILING scow.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRIs T. DUNBAm acitizen ot the United States. residing Buffalo inthe county of Erie andState oi New York, have invented new and useful improvements inSelf-Bailing Scows, oi which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for bailing a scow or other water craftby utilizing the weight of the load which is deposited upon the scow andremoved theret'rom as the source of power for effecting the discharge ofthe water from the hull.

It is the object of this invention to accomplish this purpose by meanswhich are simple in construction, eliicient in operation, and require aminimum of attention.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 avertical longitudinal section of a scow embodying myinvention, taken on line 1-1. Fig. 2. Figure 2 is a top plan viewthereof partly in section. Figures 3, l and 5 are transverse sectionstalren on the correspondingly-numbered lines in Fig. 1. Figures 6, 7 and8 are diagrammatic views of the scow showing different positions whichthe same occupies during the operation of self-bailing the same.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several.

views.

The hullo'l the scow is hollow and provided with a. flat bottom 10, afiat deck 11 and upright side walls connecting the edges of the bottomand deck and having the main central parts 12 thereof arrangedlengthwise while the opposite end portions 13 there'- of are inclinedtoward the longitudinal center of the hull, so that the opposite ends ofthe latter are tapered or pointed forwardly, but present vertical edges1% at the extreme ends of the hull.

This hull may be provided with one or more wells extending from the deckto the bottom thereof two of such wells being shown, for example, in thedrawings and each well being designed to form part of a receptacle forcarrying the material which is to be transported by the scow. Each ofthese wells isprovided with two longitudinal side walls 15 which arearranged parallel with each other and two transverse walls 16 and 17which diverge downwardly from the top of the deck of the hull, towardthe bottom of the same, the transverse wall 16 being preferably curvedwhile the other transverse wall 1? Specification Letters Patent.Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

1921. Serial No. 469,431.

is preferably straight, as shown in Fig. 1. When two wells are employedin the hull the straight inclined transverse walls of both wellspreferably are arranged on the inner sides of the wells or away from theends oi the hull and are joined at their upper ends so as to form an.apex 18 whereby any material dropped upon the central part of the scowwill be divided by this apex and caused to flow downwardly partly intoeach one of the wells.

In the case-of two wells being arranged lengthwise next to each other inthe hull the curved transverse walls 16 are arranged next to the ends ofthe hull.

The lower or outlet end of each well is con trolled by a door which ismoved into a position across this outlet so as to form with the well apocket or receptacle which receives the load to be transported and thisdoor is movable out of a position across this outlet, so as to permitthe load to be discharged from this pocket when the material has beentransported to the place where the same is to be discharged. In thepreferred construction of this door the same is made hollow andcomprises end heads 190, an upper fiat wall 19 and a lower curved wall20 which connects at its several edges with the corre-.

sponding edges of the front wall 19 and heads 190 and forms therewith abuoyant body, the upwardly-swinging movement of which is assisted by thewater when the door is free. The bottom 20 of each door is curved abouthorizontal axis which is transverse to the bottom. and one end of thesame is preferably arranged comparatively close to the straight inclinedwall 17 of the well so as to form a practically tight joint therewith,while its opposite end may be spaced apart or titted comparatively looserelative to the curved transverse wall 16, as shown in Fig. 1.

Various means may be employed for supporting each'door on the hull,those shown in the drawings comprising two arms or hangers 21 whichproject upwardly from opposite longitudinal ends thereof and provided attheir upper ends with laterally projecting trunnions 232 which arearranged horizontally or transversely and journaled in suitable bearings23 on the adjacent parts of the deck 01 the hull. The curved lower wall20 01' each door is .:oncentricwith the axis of the trunnions and thecurved transverse wall 16 of the respective well is each of the doors ismoved. by gravr jacent straight inclined wall, 1'

pivotal connections between theinner tr,

also preferably concentric with the trunnions, as shown in Fig. 1',which cai'ises the.

lower wall of the door to always travel itairly close to the straighttransverse wall 17 but remain clear of or spaced apart from the curvedwall 16.

The upward movement oi: each, door. on that side oi the well having thecurved transverse wall: 17 is limited by. a stop device while the scowisbeingloaded and while the loadis beingtransported, but this stopdeyice may be shifted to. permit the door to continue its upwardmovement onthatside of the well having the curved i wall 16 when it isdesired to uncoveror openthe lower endof the well and permit theload to.be discharged,therefron'ibygravity. ln itspi'ele -red form this stopdevice comprises an outer or rear toggle link A l which is pivoted onthe deck of the hulladj acent to t-he central, part. of the curvedtransversewall 1.6 tl161f60f,- so that the same iscapable ofswingzy ingin a vertical plane, and: an. outer vor itront toggle link 25whiclrispivotally connected with the inner linlefl l so as to becapable: ottswinging in avertical plane rel.-

atively thereto. When the scow is '"nptied,

a position in which itcloses the, loweia or outlet QDChOiE its well inwhich positionthe upper; wall 19 of the door isliori/ioittal. orsubstantially eo as shown, by 'lull lines in Fig. 1-,, hen loadingth'isscow thetn'iaterial is.droppedjn-to the wells so that; the greaterpart of the same rests upon; the horizontal wall l9: of, each: door andthe adoil the -respoctive well, while.- amzoinparatively small part oil.the: load is arrange-don that pit of the lower wall-[1.9 adj tto thecurved wall 16-; as shown bydotted 'nesin Fi 1, thereby causing theweight-oi the inati in each well to turn eachi dooriso tha end thereofnext to the inclined wouldbe lowest and-that end-n curved wall 16 willbe elevaterh the .ino'vement in this direction being, however. arrestedbefore the wellis uncovered at its lower end by engagement Oil theelerateiil end otthe door with the front endot the is outer toggle link"which at this. time shiltedflso as to project into the. path- Oi door.The two toggle links are held at tnis time in a position in which theyare practically 1 'd by engagement of the inner to lgle link with theadjacent part ol the cnrwd transverse wall !6 of the respective well. so

that the point o't engagement between the door, and the outes to 'lellllli. and the rat's link and the hull and outer toggle link a; on adead center and remain rigid under the thrust exerted against the sameby the door which tends'to' move forwardly at the respective end by theprepoiiiderating press'n'e inseam mediately turned into an openedposition so. that the same uncovers the lower or outlet end of the well,this opening movement of the door being automatic and effected by thepreponderating Weight of the material resting upon the upper floor 19thereof between the axis of the door and the straight trans.- verse wall1'? of the Well, which movement is aided by the buoyancy of the door,due to its. hollow construction. As the door rises on that side neXt tothe curved Wall 16, the upper wall 19 of theldoor assumes a graduallyincreasing inclination while at the same time the material slides downthe inclined transverse wall 17, whereby the entireload is discharged.from. the wellv through the lower end or outlet thereof. Astsoonwas thematerial has slid off from the door the same again returns'by'gravityinto its lowerposilllOlldl'l which it extends across the outleto't" thewell, and then the operator again shifts the locking device. from thetop oi" j the deck into a position in which. it stands in the pathotth-at edge of the door next to the curved wall 16 ready to arrest theupwardmovement thereof and keep. the door in its. closed position,when-a load of material is deposited in the well. i

In order to permit the load'kto discharge promptly :t'romthe well andthe. door to. clear itselt effectively of the material deposited upontheupper wall 19 thereof, the transverse edge-26 of the well at the lowerend of the straight wall. 17 is-arranged farther from a vertical planeextendingthrouglr thetaxis of the door than the transverse. edge, 2?? ofthe well at the lower end of the curved wall 16, as shown in Fig. 1. Assoon as thatrend .ol the floornext tothe straight wall-17 passes beyondthe lower edge 26 thereofthe-material immediately beginstodischarge-tromthe llJS the edge Qty/ill be innnediately fullyliberated and permitted. to drop out" of :tllGzVGll without anyrestriction. 1

In order-to increase the loading capacity of the scowand toxprotect tthe bearings on the deck which support. the pivots oivthe doors, twocoamings 29 arearranged lengthr wise upon the deck along opposite sidesof the wells, so as to enclose the inner parts of the bearings of thedoors, thereby preventing the bucket of the dredging apparatus, as thesame swings over the scow, from injuring these hearings. As shown in thedrawings, the several walls or parts of the hull forming the shell ofthe same and the main parts of the doors are constructed of sheet metal,but it is to be understood that these parts may be constructed of othermaterials, if desired.

The means for utilizing the weight of the material which is loaded intothe scow to furnish the power for obtaining practically a self-bailingeffect are constructed as follows: r

30, 31 represent two upright bulkheads which extend transversely of thehollow interior of the hull at a distance from the opposite endsthereof, so as to divide this interior of the hull generally into twoend chamber sections and an intermediate chamber section. The endchamber section 32 may extend the full height of the scow and be dividedby a central vertical longitudinal bulkhead 35 which is tight and twoside longitudinal partitions 36 which extend downwardly from the deckbut terminate short of the bottom of the hull, so as to leave a passage37 thereunder, as shown in Figs. 1 and The other end chamber section isdivided horizontally by a partition 38 into a lower primary bilge waterchamber 39 and an upper trap chamber 40, and these chambers are alsodivided vertically by a central longitudinal bulkhead 41 which is tight,and. two side longitudinal partitions 42 which extend downwardly fromthe deck and terminate short of the bottom of the hull, so as to formpassages thereunder, as shown at 43 in Figs. 1 and 3.

The intermediate chamber section consists of two longitudinalintermediate chambers 33 arranged lengthwise on opposite sides of thewells, and a transverse intermediate chamber 44 which communicates atits opposite ends with said longitudinal chambers. This transverseintermediate chamber is divided centrally by a tight upright bulkhead 45and is separated at its ends from the longitudinal chambers by uprightlongitudinal partitions 46, which extend downwardly from the deck andterminate short of the bottom of the hull, so as to form passages 47thereunder, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Each of the upright sidepartitions is preferably provided with a manhole 48 to afford access tothe interior of the hull for inspection and repairing.

49 represents two emergency valves which control ports or passageswhereby commu nication is established between the primary chamber 39 andthe adjacent ends of the longitudinal chambers 33 of the intermediatesection, and 50 represents similarvalves which control ports or passageswhereby communication is established between the opposite ends of theselongitudinal chambers 33 and the opposite end chamber 32 of the hull. 51represents two transfer ducts or conduits arranged lengthwise in thelongitudinal chambers, respectively, and each communicating at its lowerend with the end chamber 32 adjacent to the bottom of the hull while theelevated end of each of these transfer conduits communicates with thetrap chamber 40 at a distance above the bottom of the latter, as shownin Figs. 1, 3 and Each of the transfer conduits is p'r'ovided with anemergency valve 52.

iilrepresents two drain pipes arranged on opposite sides of the hull andeach containing a hand operated-valve 54 and having its upper end,opening into the trap chamber at the bottom thereof while its lowerendextends to'the exterior of the hull at a point below the trapchamber, this being preferably accomplished by extending these drainpipes through the bottom of the hull, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The valves 49, 50, 52 and 54 have their stems extending upwardly abovethe deck where they are accessible to the attendant but preferably havetheir handles arranged under the coamings where the same are out of theway and not liable to be damaged while operating the scow. j

Assuming that the valves 49, 50 and 52 are open and the valves 554closed, and the scow is empty and setting high in the water, as shown inF ig.. 1, the operation of bailing the hull while loading and unloadingthe scow is as follows:

First, the well next to the end chamber 32 is loaded with material whichrests principally on the wall 17 and the adjacent part of the door ofthe respective well, whereby this door is tilted somewhat and thecorresponding end of the hull is sunk deeper into the water, as shown inFig. 6. This causes any water which may have leaked into the bull togather in the end chamber 32 inasmuch as any Water at this time in theprimary chamber 39 will flow from the same through the valves 49 intothe intermediate chamber section and from the latter through the valves50 into the gathering chamber 32. The valves 50 are now closed and theother well. is filled with material corresponding to the first-mentionedwell, whereby the hull is caused to settle uniformly in the water orsubstan tially so, throughout its length, as shown in Fig. 7. The wellnext to the gathering chamber is the first to be emptied, which causesthe corresponding end of the hull when relieved of its load, to risewhile the opposite end of the hull which is still loaded remains deeperin the water, as shown in Fig. 8. When this occurs, any water in thegathering chamber 32 flows from the same through the transfer conduits51 into the trap chamber 40. ll now the load is discharged from the wellnext to the trap chamber, that end of the hullalso rises so that theentire hull sets high in the water and the water in the trap chambercannot return to the gathering chamber, owing to the discharge ends ofthe transfer conduits 131 being arranged at a distance above the bottomof the trap chamber. When the hull is thus relieved of its burden andsets high these valves are again closed and the bailing operation forthe time being is completed and may be repeated" in the manner describedas often as necessary or desired. It is to be noted that by this meansthe hull of the soow, exceptingfor the manipulation of the valves, ispractically self bailing, and that the actual work of ejectingthe waterfrom'the hull is done by power which is de rived from the" weight of thematerial which is loaded into the hull, thereby effecting a considerableeconomy in the operation ofa seow inasmuch asthe cost of separatepumpinn for this purpose is saved.

In the event that any of the compartments become punctured, theemergency valves 49 and-52 are close'dto prevent all of the compartmentsfrom being flooded and sinking -the scow.

I claim as my invention 1. Al scow comprising a hollow hull provided atone end with a trap which elevated above thebottom of the hull while itsother end is provided with a lower chamber extending down to the bottomof th hull, and a valved conduit leading from said lower chamber to saidelevated trap.

2. A scow' comprising a hollow hull provided 'at one end with a trapwhich is ele vated above the bottom of the hull while its other endisprovided with a lower chamber extending down to the bottom ot the hull.a valved conduit leading from said lower chamber to said elevated trap,and a valved drain conduit leading from said trap to the ext'eriorotsaid hull and to a point below said trap.

3-. A scow comprising a hollow hull provi ed adjacent to one end with atransverse bulkhead an d a h orizontal partiti on arranged above thatpart of the {bottom between said bullmead and the adjacent end-o1 thehull and forming" lowerbilgechamber and 6(5)" an upper trap chamber, atransverse bulls head arranged atthe other end of the hull and formingwith the latter a gathering chamber extending to the bottom of the hulland communicatim; with said lower bilge chamber bya valved conduit, and

t er'tending from the gath- 7 9' cent to the bottom there 7 l p chamberabove the partition tvlll'iil' g' the bottom thereot.

l aw comprising a hollow hull provided. adj ent to one end with atransverse bulkhead and a hori: 'ntacl PttI'Llt-lOll arranged above thatpart of the bottom betv'ien said bu bhead and the adjacent end at thehull ant .(lln1l1lg a lower bilge cham- ,er and an upper-tr L cltaamber,tran bulkhead Iarnnged at the other end hull and torniing with thelatter a hermg chamber extending to the bottom th hull an]. commuiclting with said chamber by valved conduit, a conduit ending from thegatheriber djacent to the bottom thereof p ichamber r.bove the partitionwing. the bottom thereof, and a valved Jain oipe leading from the bottomof said .7 p chamber to the exterior of said hull below the trap.chamber.

5; A scow comprising. a hollow hull prof led adjacent to. one end with atransverse :head and. horizontal partition arr iged above the. part ofthe bottom between said bulkhead. and the adjacent end of the hull andforming a lower bilge chamber and an-upper trap chamber, a transversebulkhead arranged at the other end of the hull and tormiz with thelatter a gathering chamber extending to the bottom of the h all andcommunicatingwithsaid lower e chamber by a valved conduit, a transrconduit er; ending from. tlie'gathering ihamber adjacent to the bottomthereof to the trap chamber above the partition formthe bottom: thereof,a valved drainpipe me; "from the bottonro't said trap chamvided adjacentto one end with atransverse bulkhead and. a llUllZOlltLll part'it-ionfarranged above that part of the bottom between said bulkhead and theadjacent end '05 the hull. and 'l'orming a lower bilgechamher and uppertrap chamber. a trans verse bulkhead arranged. at the other end of thehull and forming. with the latter a gathering chamber extendin' to thebottom Of the hull an d' communicating with said lower l'rilgc clrunberby a valved conduit, a transl'er conduit extending il'rom; the gatheringchamberadjacent-to the bottom thereof to the trap chamber above thepartition forming the bottom thereof, a valved drain pipe l liding fromthe bottom of said trap chamberto the exterior of said hull below thetrap chamber, and' a valve in the line of communication between saidbilge chamber and the gathering chamber.

to the exterior oi? said hull below the chamber, a transfer conduitextending upwardly f om said gathering chamber to said trap chamberabove the bottom of the latter, and a valved drain pipe extending fromsaid trap chamber to the exterior of the hull and to a point below saidtrap chamber.

a scow comprising a hollow hull provided adjacent to one end with atransverse bulkhead and a horizontal partition arranged above the bottomoithe hull between said bulkhead and the adjacent end of the l illforming a primary bilge chamber and a trap chamber above the primarychamber, a tranaverse bulkhead arranged at the other end or" the hulland forming with the respective end of the hull a bilge gatheringchamber, that part oi the hollow hull between said transverse.bullrheads' forming intermediate bilge chamber, a

chamber and said intermediate chamber and between said gathering chamberand said trap chamber.

9. A scow comprising a hollow hull having a door controlled wellextending from the top to the bottom thereof, intermediate hambersarranged lengthwise on opposite sides 01 said well, a lower primarybilge chamber arranged at one end of the hull and communicating withboth of said intermediate rhambers and a trap chamber arranged above theprimary bilge chamber, a gathering chamber arranged at the opposite endof the hull and communicating by valved passages with the respectiveends of said intermediate chambers and inclined. transfer conduitsarranged in said intermediate chambers and extending from the gatheringchamber adjacent to the bottom thereof to the trap chamber above thebottom of the latter.

10. A scow comprising a hollow hull having a door controlled wellextending from the top to the bottom thereof, intermediate chambersarrangedlengthwise on opposite sides of said well, a lower primary bilgechamber arranged at one end of the hull and communicating with both ofsaid interme diate chambers and a trap chamber arranged above theprimary bilge chamber, a gathering chamber arranged at the opposite endof the hull and communicating by valved passages with the respectiveends of said intermediate chambers, and inclined transfer conduitsarranged in said intermediate chambes and extending from the gatheringchamber adjacent to the bottom thereof to the trap chamber above thebottom of the ]atter, said end chambers being divided lengthwise byupright bulkheads arranged on the median line of the hull.

HARRIS T. DUNBAR.

